The Union Cabinet has approved Samudra Manthan, the National Offshore Exploration Scheme. Notably, the scheme has an outlay of ₹84,084 crore. Moreover, it will run through FY 2030–31. Clearly, it is India’s most ambitious offshore exploration mission so far.
What Is the Samudra Manthan Scheme?
The scheme aims to find more oil and gas in India’s offshore areas. For example, these include deep-water and ultra-deep-water basins. Also, it builds on recent reforms in the hydrocarbon sector. Thus, it turns policy into action on the ground.
Why India Needs It
India is the world’s third-largest consumer of crude oil. However, it imports most of what it uses. In fact, its annual crude import bill is nearly USD 144 billion, or about ₹13 lakh crore. Therefore, higher domestic output can cut import dependence.
Recent global events have shown how fragile energy supplies can be. Hence, secure access to energy has become a strategic need. Furthermore, India’s energy demand will keep rising for decades.
Expected Benefits
- Lower dependence on imported oil and gas
- Stronger energy security and resilience
- Savings in foreign exchange
- New investment and jobs in the energy sector
- Support for long-term economic growth
Recent Hydrocarbon Reforms
The government has made several reforms to attract investment. For instance, the Open Acreage Licensing Policy (OALP) lets companies choose blocks to explore. Similarly, the Oilfields (Regulation and Development) Amendment Act, 2025 modernised the legal framework. Also, the government opened large “no-go” offshore areas for exploration. As a result, Samudra Manthan has a stronger base.
Link With the Blue Economy
Offshore resources form part of India’s blue economy. Notably, the Deep Ocean Mission also explores the seabed. So, Samudra Manthan adds an energy dimension to ocean-based growth.
Why Samudra Manthan Matters for UPSC and UKPSC
Notably, energy security is a key topic in GS Paper III. So, remember the outlay, the end year and India’s import bill. Also, link the scheme with OALP and the blue economy. For official updates, also visit the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. Next, for a related story, read about the US Senate’s Russia sanctions bill.
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